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` J. FRANZM-ANN.; -MahinefforgShaping Wooden Shovels.

NQ. 235,352. Patented Dec. 14,1880.

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NPETERS. FHOTo-MTHOGRAPHEH. WASHINGTON. D C.

. UNITED STATES PATENT Creme.

JACOB FRANZMANN, OF CINCINNATI, CHIC, "ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF T() l i HENRYVARWIG, OF SAME PLACE.

MACHINE FOR sHAPiNG WOODEN SHOVELS.

SPECIIEICATION forming pari-.Of Letters Patent No. 235,352, dated December 14, 1880.

' Application nieu May 19, ieso. (No moar-i.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB FRANZMANN, of the city of Cincinnati, county ot' Hamilton, State of Ohio, have invented a new and use ful Improvement iii Machines forShaping Wooden Shovels, of which the following is a specification. 1 .i i

The object of my invention is toclamp the bla-nksfroin which the `blades of malt-shovels 'are to be formed, guide and feed them to arevolving cutting-tool to y give them the proper shape.

The invention will be first fully describedin.

connection with the accompanyingdrawings, and then particularly pointed out in the claims.

Iu'the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters of reference indicate identical partsthroughout the various views, Figure 1 is a top-plaii view of amachine embodying my invention with the bed-plate and feeding device in position to commence the operation of dressing the front-of the shovel. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertiealfseetion thereof, and Fig. 3 is an inverted plan view of the bed-plate.

Fig. 4 is a top-plan .view of the machine when,- adapted to dress the back of the s hovelblade,"`

a portion of the bed-plate being broken-away l to expose the device for feeding the plate forward under the revolving cutter. Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section of the same. Fig. 5f is-a similar section looking in the opposite direction, and Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the slotted guide which prevents the follower from i turning when the feed-screw is revolved.

Fig. 7 is a perspective section view ot' the front of the shovel, and Fig. 8 a plan "elevation of the shovel-back.

` The machine as adapted to forming the concave front` of the shovel, as represented'in Figs. 1, .2, and 3, will be rst described.

The frame-work of the machine is represented by A. A Vportion of the frame overhangs a bed-plate, B, up'on whichV the shovelblankistofbe'secured, and in'this overhanging part is mounted a revolving cutter-head, upon whichare secured cutter-blades C.- The edges "of thel blades are curved theireverse i shape of-the front of the shovel.

The bedplate'has a central hub, a, and a lflange, b', concentric with it, projecting down from its under side. These are planed oit true upon their lower edges and rest upon the plate or carriage D. The top of plate D is also planed oft' true to permit the plate B to turn upon it around a 'journal1'iin,b2, which passes through the hub and carriage D. The head of the pin .is countersunk into the upper surface of the bed-plate, and the part that passes through plate D is turned smaller, so that the nut on the under side may be tightened up without causing the plates to bind. The movement of plateB is limited by pins in its under side entering'curved slots in plate D, as shown in dotted line, Fig. 3.

The carriage D, when in the forward position, (shown clearly in Fig. 2,) rests upon a frame, E. This frame is fitted to slide vertically, and to be elevated by a treadle, F, to bring the top ot' the-frame up even with slides Gr, of which there are two, one upon each side of the frame. The movement of the frame upward is limited by stops A', which are secured on top ot' the frame to overhang the plate D. The weight of the frame and the vbed-plate and carriage is nearly counterbalanced by the weighted lever H.

The carriage-plate D has a lug or boss, d, upon its under side, which is tapped to receive the feed-screw I. The shaft of the serew has collars t 'i upon each side of a slotted anglepiece, I secured upon the front cross-brace of frame A.

Upon the rear edge of the bed-plate B are two dogs, b3, against which one edge of the shovel-blank is placed; the lower end is pushed against the toothed dog b4, and the blank firmly clamped in place by the hand-screws b5.

The shovel-blank (which is wider at the bottom than at the top) being secured upon the bed-plate, and the machine in the position shown in Figs. l and 2 just ready to start, the operator takes hold of the shovel-handle and turns the plate until the forward edge of the blank is about parallel with `the cuttershaft. Now, by placing his foot upon the treadle and elevating thebed-plate and carriage the blank is brought under the action of the cutters C. By turning the hand-wheel with his left hand the carriage is advanced by screw I under the revolving cutter, while the bed-plate and blank are turned as the carriage advances until, when the rear edge of the blank is reached, it is in turn nearly parallel with the cutter-shaft. 'lhus the operator, with one hand upon the feed-wheel and the other upon the shovel-handle, has perfect control of the feed, and the shovel is dished out to the proper shape, while the surrounding edges are left up sharp. and no accident is liable to occur should the grain of the wood be uneven or some blanks harder than others.

For dressing dierent-sized shovels, the dogs b3 and b4 are ladjustable nearer to or farther from the center of the bed-plate. Some shovels are dished out, leaving an arch-shaped edge around the top, while others are dished out each side of the handle, leaving more wood in front of the handle for strength. '[o finish the iirst kind the blank is gradually turned as itis fed forward. so that when the ceiiteris reached the axes of the cutter-head and shovelhandle are parallel. To finish the second kind the blank is fed forward without turning,r until the cutter reaches the opposite edge. The blank is then turned until it is dressed up to the edge.

To finish the backsot' shovels the bed-plate B and carriage D are removed and replaced by the bed-plate and guides represented in Figs. 4, 5, and 6. The cutters C are also replaced by the concave-edged cutters C.

The machine as changed will now he de scribed.

J is the carriage, upon which the partiallyformed blade is secured.

Upon each side of the machine are curved guides K K'. These arch across the machineframe, and are secured upon the front and rear cross-bars. They are curved upon their inner faces, as well as upon top, the curve in K being concave and the curve in K' convex. Both curves are concentric, to guide the car riage J in a circular path as it is fed forward under the revolving cutter.

L is a slotted guide secured to the under side of the carriage. Upon the side of' the plate that receives the lower end of the shovelblade the curve of the slot in guide L is concentric with the upper curve ot' the guide K, and its sidecurve also tits the curve in the side of guide K. From the inner face of K, and near the vertical center of its arch, a pin projects into the slot in guide L, as seen in Fig. 5.

The guide K is provided with a curved slot similar to the slot in L, which extends nearly the whole length of the guide underneath the bed-plate J. Upon this side of the plate two lugs project down, one near the forward and one near the rear edge of the plate. Pius projecting horizontally from these lugs enter the curved slot in guide K. These pins, as well as the one entering guide L, are armed with rollers to reduce friction.

M is a feed-screw. It has its bearings upon the front and rear cross-brace of the frame,

and has collars upon each side of its front bearing to prevent end motion.

N is the nut or follower, which, as it is carried back and forth by revolving screw M, imparts motion to the carriage J through a slotted lng, 0, which projects down from the under side of the carriage, and a piu, n, which projects from the side of the follower N and enters the slot in lug O. A pin, n', projects from the opposite side ofthe follower into a slot in a guide, I. which extends across the frame ot' the machine. Its purpose is to prevent the nut from turning when the feedscrew is revolved. The pin n lits its slot loosely, so as to permit the plate J to turn and have vertical play without binding as it is fed forward by the screw.

The top of the edges surrounding the dished front of the shovel areiu the same plane,which is parallel to the axis ofthe shovel-handle, while the back of the shovel curves from near the middle ofthe back toward thefront lower edge.

In order to make the blade of nearly uniform thickness, the transverse curve near its top must gradually spread until, at the bottom of the blade, it is much Hatter. This result is accomplished and the incline given to the hack of the shovel by the central bearing or guide-pin upon one side and the two pins at opposite sides of the plate upon the other. On the side of the machine nearest the handle, the guide-pins being nearly below the opposite edges of the shovel, the leading one will reach the top of the curve about the time the cutter begins to act upon the blade. As the carriage is fed forward this end gradually assumes a lower position until the center of the blade is beneath the cutter, while the opposite end at the same time has been carried up by its pin, which has reached the center of the arch in guide L. This gives the back, at its longitudinal center, its proper incline.

The carriage is fed forward until the blank is dressed across the back. It is then retracted and the shovel-blade removed from the machine completely inished, except the lower back edge, which is left thick. This is beveled oh" upon a frizzer or other shaping-machine. The guide L may be dispensed with by making a slot on the inside of guide K to receive a pin secured to the bed-plate.

Itis evident that, instead of making the bedplate B vertically adjustable to bring the shovel-blank up, the cutter-head may be mounted in adjustable bearing, so that it may be elevated and lowered for the same purpose.

Malt-shovels are now usuallymade with blade and handle in one piece, and as they are generally used upon cement or concrete floors the blade quickly wears out, while the handle is in perfect condition.

In Figs. 7 and 8 I have shown an improved detachable handle, by which improvement I am enabled to make the blades separately, thus effecting a great saving in material in the rst instance and of labor and material after, as

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I when the blade is worn out it can be readily detached from the fhandle `and a Inew 'onesecured in place. f

As I intend to make this improved shovel the subject of aseparate application,^it will only be'described here sufficiently toshow how the blade is iinishedupon'my machine. The detachablehandle is ferruled upon the end, the metal ferrule extending below the end` ofthe handle to form a socket to receive a short piece of handle formed .withV the blade. The end of this piece is turned down like'pt-he end ot' the handle to embed the ferrule. The end of the handle Jhas'a screw secured in` its end' which extends beyond the ferrule. This is screwed into the piece of handle on the blade,` drawing it within the ferrule and making a secure joint. To finish this kind of blades they 1are first sawed ont`to the proper sizethe piece of handle turned', and the shoulder=or neck chucked to the'e'xact size. The blank is secured upon the bed-plate B and the handle secured to it. By this the blade and plateB are turned as the front of the shovel is being dished out by the cutter.

I claim-'- 1. The combination, substantially as before' set forth, of the rotary cutter-head,1the'verti cally-adjustable and sliding carriage, and the p bed-plate pivoted on top of the carriage and adapted to be horizontally turned in either direction atI pleasure.

, 2. The revolving cutters GC, in combination with bed-plate B, carriage D, frame E, slides G, treadle F, and feedscrew I, in a machine of the character described, for the purpose s peciiied.

3. In a shovel-forming machine, the bed or carriage J in combination wit-h curved guides,

vas K Kl L, said guides being arched upon top and curved upon their inner vertical edges, for the purpose set forth. p

4. In combination, the carriage J, slotted guides L and K', said guide L being secured to the under side ofthe carriage in a position to support and guide the carriage at that end -upon a single pin, and said carriage having two pins upon the opposite side to enter the slot in guide K, the parts united and operating together in the manner hereinbefore set forth.

5. The combination, substantially as specied, of carriage J and slotted lu g O with screw M and follower N, pins n u', and slotted guide P.

` JACOB FRANZMANN.

Witnesses M. W. OLIVER, GEO. 4J. MURRAY. 

